Acne scars are lasting reminders of a common skin condition that affects millions worldwide. These scars result from the body’s attempt to heal after severe acne lesions have damaged the skin’s structure. Understanding the mechanisms behind acne scar formation can empower us to manage acne effectively and minimise the risk of scarring.
Acne begins when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria (the acne triad.) In more severe cases, the follicle wall can rupture, leading to the release of bacteria and debris into the surrounding skin. This triggers an inflammatory response as the body attempts to repair the damage. However, the inflammatory process can also damage collagen and elastin, critical components of healthy skin structure.
Collagen is a vital protein that gives the skin its structure, strength, and elasticity. Inflammation from severe acne can disrupt the normal collagen production and remodelling process. Excess collagen can be produced during the healing process, leading to raised scars known as hypertrophic or keloid scars. Conversely, insufficient collagen production can result in depressed scars, such as ice pick, boxcar, or rolling scars. Depending on the type of scar, specialised treatment can be performed to reduce or remove them. For example, a raised scar may require a laser to treat, whereas a depressed or atrophic scar may require injections to replace the lost volume in that area.
Different types of acne scars manifest based on how the skin heals after inflammation. Ice pick scars are deep, narrow pits; boxcar scars are wider with defined edges; and rolling scars create a wave-like appearance due to tissue distortion beneath the skin. Understanding the specific type of scars is crucial for effective treatment planning. Other than injecting atrophic scars, subcision is a helpful procedure to free the skin surface from uneven tethering to the deep tissue.
Individuals with darker skin tones are more susceptible to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) following acne. Inflammatory responses can stimulate melanin production, leading to dark spots that fade over time. Unfortunately, these dark spots can contribute to the appearance of acne scars even after the active acne has resolved. A laser treatment is usually the answer to this problem. For example, the Pico laser can safely and effectively remove excess pigments left over from prior inflammation.
Picking or squeezing acne lesions can exacerbate inflammation and increase the risk of scarring. Manipulating acne lesions can introduce bacteria deeper into the skin, leading to more severe inflammation and damage to surrounding tissue. It’s essential to avoid picking at acne to minimize the risk of scarring.
Genetics play a role in how an individual’s skin responds to inflammation and heals after acne. Some people may have a genetic predisposition to scarring due to their skin’s inherent healing properties. Additionally, factors such as skin type, ethnicity, and susceptibility to inflammation can impact the likelihood and severity of scarring.
Acne scars emerge from a combination of inflammatory responses, collagen imbalance, and the body’s healing mechanisms. While acne scars can be distressing, understanding the factors that contribute to their formation can guide us toward proactive acne management and help minimise the risk of scarring. Early intervention, proper skincare, avoiding picking or squeezing acne lesions, and seeking professional advice can collectively contribute to healthier skin and a reduced likelihood of long-lasting scars. For some of us who are looking to treat scars that have already formed, there is good news – we provide a range of treatments to address various types and degrees of scarring effectively and safely.
This treatment builds on the powers of the SylfirmX radio-frequency micro-needling treatment to improve collagen growth and skin healing. Utilising the regenerative potential of Exosomes, skin repair is accelerated for more pronounced results.
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A poly-nucleotide treatment that fills up acne and chickenpox scars by replacing the lost volume in the scar area. After the initial filling effect, there is a further repair of damaged tissue, along with natural collagen stimulation for a long-lasting result.
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A laser treatment used to treat pigments (marks and blemishes) left behind by acne. Additionally, the use of fractional technology helps to resurface skin and smoothen out atrophic scars.
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An injectable treatment that improves skin quality and reduces oil production, improving long-term control of acne and sensitive skin.
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A skin boosting treatment that addresses inflammation, providing long-lasting correction of acne activity.
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A radio-frequency (RF) micro-needling treatment that targets multiple aspects of acne. The micro-needling mechanism smoothens acne scars by stimulating collagen growth while breaking down old adhesions. RF energy reduces inflammation and sebaceous gland activity.
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